basin water blog

PROF. Ir. Frederik Josep Putuhena, MSc, PhD merupakan salah satu professor senior di Fakultas Tehnik Sipil, Universitas Malaysia Serawak. Dia merupakan warga asli Indonesia. Menjadi dosen di Unimas sejak tahun 2002 lalu.“Ketika baru masuk ke Unimas, saya bahkan merupakan satu-satunya professor yang ada di tehnik sipil. Tetapi sekarang sudah terdapat dua orang, kesemuanya masih muda,” ungkap pria yang akrab disapa Putu ini saat ditemui di ruang kerjanya.Pria 58 tahun itu mengkisahkan, setelah lulusan Universitas Indonesia pada 1974, dia bekerja di Departemen Pekerjaan Umum. Kemudian mendapatkan kesempatan mengambil gelar master di Newcastel UponTyne, United Kingdom. Setelah menamatkan pendidikan S-2 pada tahun 1978, selain bekerja sebagai pegawai negeri, dirinya juga berprofesi sebagai dosen di beberapa universitas, diantaranya Universitas Pancasila dan Bina Nusantara. “Saat itu memang terdapat program dari Menteri PU yang mewajibkan pegawainya yang telah mengambil S2 mengajar di pe...

Sabah Energy Sdn Bhd (SESB) had committed itself to use the green technology for over 100 MW in the east coast of Sabah. However, the development of 300 MW Coal-fired plant in Lahat Datu is still the best option to provide better electricity to the east coast of Sabah. This statement was given by Baharin Din, the managing director of SESB, as quoted by Borneo Post, April 27, 2010. The current demand in the east coast of Sabah is 220 MW, and expected to grow to 400 MW by 2017. Although they have the east-west grid, the supply of 300 MW from the coal plant is unavoidable. The Environmental Impact Assessment is to be completed at the end of May 2010, and if it is approved the construction will be carried out immediately. It is expected that the first unit of 75 MW plant would be completed by 2013.

Figure 1 Rivers and Points Annual Rainfall at Sabah (After Sabah Water Resources Master Plan, 1995) The best source of information about river basins in Sabah is from the "Sabah Water Resources Master Plan", which can be seen at http://www.did.sabah.gov.my/ . The river basins are can be grouped as those that discharging the flow to the west coast, north coast, and to the east coast. Some rivers that go to west coast are: Sg. Mayog/Babogon Sg. Papar Sg. Padas Some rivers that go to the north coast are: Sg. Bandau Sg. Bangan/Kinorom Sg. Bengkoko/Pitas Some rivers that go to the east coast are: Sg. Liwagu Sg. Kinabatangan Sg. Tawau Sg. Merotai Besar The Figure 1 shows the points annual rainfalls and rivers in Sabah.

The goal of energy development in Indonesia is to increase the access to energy for currently 65 % of 234 million of its population to 90%, by the end of 2020. The plan is by adding extra 10, 000 MW by 2012 from coal energy, and the other is another 10,000 MW from geothermal energy. More information about development of geothermal energy in Indonesia can be found in the PT Pertamina Geothermal at http://www.pgeindonesia.com/ Development of geothermal energy is a strategic move in the energy development in Indonesia since it is a clean energy, and hence reducing the greenhouse gas emission. The head of Indonesian Association Geothermal Association, Surya Darma, as quoted by Borneo Post April 25, 2010, said that "The government's aim to add 4,000 MW of geothermal capacity from existing 1,189 MW, by 2014". One of the biggest obstacles is the cost, where a geothermal plant cost twice compare to a dirty coal-fired power plant. But once established, it can provide the free supp...

4.1 Introduction The logical framework approach (LFA) was first adopted by U.S. AID in the early 1970s. The framework provides a set of designing tools that, when used creatively, can be used for planning, designing, implementing and evaluating projects (the entire project cycle). The purpose of LFA is to undertake participatory, objectives-oriented planning that spans the life of project or policy work to build stakeholder's team commitment and capacity, through a series of workshops. The technique requires stakeholders to come together in a series of workshops to set priorities and plan for implementation and monitoring. This achieved by structuring the main elements of project in a matrix (the logical framework) which summarizes the project, highlighting logical linkages between intended inputs, planned activities and expected results and records the underlying assumption. See Figure 4.1, for the content of framework matrix and how to read the LFA. 4.2 Steps in Logic...

3.1 Project costs and benefits Planning can be defined as the orderly consideration of a project from the original statement of purpose through the evaluation of alternatives to final decision on a course of action. River Basin Planning is applying the concept of city or regional master plan, which attempts to define the most desirable future growth pattern for an area. Forecasting of the future conditions are essential (Planning Horizon), and the evaluation of alternatives is conducted by applying the principle of engineering economy, where ever applicable. In response to the economic objectives, data on benefits and costs is required. The time value of money should be represented through an appropriate discount rate. Not all benefits or costs of water projects can be measured in money terms. For example the social costs of requiring people to move away from a reservoir site, or the peace of mind gained by reduction of flood hazard, must be dealt with a descriptive terms. The envi...

2.1 Project Cycle Like the other sectors of government project development and management, the water resources sector development and management within a river basin is following a cycle of projects, which is consist of: Master Planning; Feasibility study; Engineering Design; Construction; Operation & Maintenance; Rehabilitation or Restoration. The complete stages or project cycle is shown in Figure 2.1 below: The terms used to describe the stages in planning are subject to variations in use and interpretation, but in general are summaries below: Inventory by region or river basin of potential schemes for development, determine on aerial photography plus other information, in term of land and water availability and access; Identification of projects by name, during or after the inventory, and notification of interest parties; Reconnaissance to clarify aspects not resolved during the inventory, by conducting field survey, and classification to determine scope of furt...